Kézdivásárhely is an old settlement. It's area was populated even in the Roman era, in 1852, during the building of the roads, Roman gold glasses, armament and sepulchral urns were found. The Roman settlement disappeared during the Great Migration. When the Hungarians settled down, the earlier system of roads was renewed, and at crossroads the town came into being again. In the early Middle Age its buildings were made of wood, thus, the certificates mention about a `timber-town`. In the year 1427, the Hungarian King Sigismund gave royal rank to the town, and called it Thoryawasara. The town had the right to hold weekly and national fairs, which shows the existence of trade and industry here. According to old records, in 1562, the town was already called Kézdivásárhely (Kyzdy Wasahel).

A famous local historian, Balazs Orban, considered Kézdivásárhely the biggest town of our region (Szekelyfold), the second biggest town after Tg. Mures (another big town in Transylvania), and the second richest town after Brasov in Transylvania.

The town was continuously developing until the beginning of the 19 th century.

In 1834 the town burn down. Among the very few houses surviving the great fire was the building of the Black Pearl (Perla Neagra).
During the Revolution of 1848-1849, Kézdivásárhely played a very important role, being the place where our national hero Aron Gabor, made his cannons.
Unfortunately, the revolution failed. As a consequence, the industries and manufactures were destroyed by the Russian and Austrian troops. In spite of all these misfortunes, by the end of the 19th century the town started to flourish again.
In the year 1921, the Treaty of Trianon attached Kézdivásárhely to Romania, which Kézdivásárhely has belonged to since that year .

In the big, wide, rectangular city centre many fairs have been held for a long time.
The courtyard building technique is remarcable and unique. These courtyards starting from the gates of the houses in the city centre are, in fact, small streets with other houses inside.